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Classified Glossary
4. 1Hair and feather
In silk weavings or embroidery, different animal hair and bird feathers are sometimes used, including: 1. wool (yangmao); 2. horse hair from the mane (mazong); 3. human hair (toufa); and 4. feather (yumao).
5.
1Metal thread
Metalic threads applied in weaving come in 2 forms:
1.flat strip (pianjin or pingjin), metal is pounded into a sheet of thin foil (jinbo), then cut into thin strips for weaving. Usually the foil needs to be backed with a substrate, or animal membrane such as skin or leather, or paper before cutting.
2. wrapped thread (yuanjin or nianjin), flat strips made as described are further wrapped around a silk or cotton thread, the core (xinxian).
In China, both flat strip and wrapped thread were used in the Tang dynasty, but the gold foil did not have substrate on the back until Jin and Yuan period, the 13th century.

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